Anatomy Exam III                                                         

Nervous Tissue

1. Cranial nerves are part of the                                       nervous system
   1. Central
   2. Peripheral
   3. Autonomic nervous
   4. Both b and c

Matching – use the same choices for question 2 – 4

2. The somatic portion of the efferent division:
3. The somatic portion of the afferent division
4. The visceral portion of the afferent division
   1. Controls Smooth muscle
   2. Receives conscious sensory information from skeletal muscles
   3. Controls Skeletal muscles
   4. Receives sensory information from internal organs of the urinary and reproductive system

5. A typical motor neuron is                                           .
   1. Bipolar
   2. Pseudounipolar
   3. Multipolar
   4. Pseudomultipolar
6. The receiving end of a neuron:
   1. Axon
   2. Dendrites
   3. Soma
   4. Both a and c
7. The transmission of an impulse by neuron involves                 and                  ions:
   1. Calcium, phosphate
   2. Sodium, potassium
   3. Chloride, Zinc
   4. Iron, Calcium
8. Actually, Myelin is a variation of a cells                     .
   1. Plasma membrane
   2. Nucleus
   3. Endoplasmic reticulum
   4. Ribosome
9. Muscles are controlled by                                            neurons.
   1. Associate
   2. Intermediate
   3. Motor
   4. Afferent
10. A synapse between an axon and a cell body:
    1. Axodendritic
    2. Axocellbodic
    3. Axoaxonic
    4. Axosomatic

11. Gray matter is comprised of                                        and                                         .
    1. Myelinated axons, Dendrites
    2. Dendrites, cell bodies
    3. Synapses, Myelinated axons
    4. Schwan cells, Astrocytes

Matching – match the type of receptor to its function

12.  Detects movement of skeletal muscle movement

13.  Involved in detection of pressure, light, temperature

14.  Monitors internal organs detecting deep pressure and pain

a.       Exteroceptor

b.      Proprioceptor

c.       Interoceptor

Matching – match the glia cell to it’s function or description

15.  Assists in formation and movement of cerebral spinal fluid

16.  Forms the blood brain barrier

17.  Forms Myelin around cells in the PNS

18.  Supports cell bodies in the dorsal root ganglia

a.       Astrocyte

b.      Microglia

c.       Schwann cell

d.      Satellite cells

e.       Ependymal cells

Spinal Cord

19. Which spinal cord segment would have the least amount of white matter?
    1. Cervical
    2. Lumbar
    3. Thoracic
    4. Sacral

Matching – match the layer of the meninges to its characteristic

20. The innermost layer, lies next to the neural tissue of the brain and spinal cord.
21. Cerebral spinal fluid found within a space underneath this layer.
22. A tough fibrous outer layer made of dense irregular connective tissue.
    1. Arachnoid layer
    2. Pia mater
    3. Dura mater
    4. None of the above

23. The                   ramus of the spinal nerve is what actually inervates the upper and lower extremities.
    1. Ventral
    2. Dorsal
    3. Rami
    4. Root

24. Visceral motor nuclei are located in the                       horn of the spinal cord.
    1. Posterior
    2. Lateral
    3. Anterior
    4. Inferior
25. Sensory information comes into the spinal cord through:
    1. Dorsal side
    2. Ventral side
    3. Lateral side
    4. Both a and b
26. A reflex that has more than a motor and sensory neuron:
    1. Monosynaptic
    2. Polysynaptic
    3. Don’t exist
    4. May be either a or b
27. These extensions of the pia mater help stabilize the spinal cord against rotations:
    1. Denticulate ligaments
    2. Cauda equine
    3. Rami communicantes
    4. Sympathetic ganglia
28. Connective tissue layer that surrounds the axons of neurons of a nerve:
    1. Epineurium
    2. Perineurium
    3. Endoneurium
    4. None of the above

Matching – match the nerve to its function:

29.  Musculocutaneous

30.  Femoral

31.  Phrenic

32.  Radial

a.       Flexion of the leg

b.      Extension of the wrist

c.       Controls Breathing

d.      Flexion of the antebrachial region - arm

The Brain

33. This extension of the dura mater divides the cerebral hemispheres.
    1. Falx cerebri
    2. Falx cerebelli
    3. Tentorium cerebelli
    4. Both b and c
34. This ventricle lies between the two halves of the thalamus.
    1. Lateral
    2. Third
    3. Fourth
    4. None of the above
    
    
35. Cerebral spinal fluid is formed by:
    1. Arachnoid trabeculae
    2. Arachnoid granulations
    3. Choroid plexus
    4. Astroccytes

Matching – match the part of the cerebrum to the functional area

36. Primary auditory area
37. General somatic sensory area
38. Visual area
39. Gustatory area
40. Olfactory sensory area

a.       Frontal lobe

b.      Parietal lobe

c.       Temporal lobe

d.      Occipital lobe

e.       Insula

Matching – match the type of fiber to its function

41. Transmits signals between gyri
42. Transmits signals from one lobe to another
43. Transmits signals from one hemisphere to another
    1. Corpus callosum
    2. Arcuate
    3. Longitudinal fasciculi
    4. Projection fibers of internal capsule

Matching – match the part of the brain to a function

44. Relay station which filters out redundant sensory information before it reaches the cerebrum
45. Monitors and controls blood pressure and body temperature
46. Initiates signals that set breathing rate and influences heart rate
47. Modifies breathing rate
48. Plays an important roll in maintaining balance and equilibrium

a.       Cerebellum

b.      Thalamus

c.       Hypothalamus

d.      Medulla oblongata

e.       Pons

49. This part of the brain is often referred to as the emotional brain.

a.       Thalamus

b.      Limbic system

c.       Pons

d.      Reticular formation

50. The middle cerebellar peduncle connects this part of the brain stem to the cerebellum.

a.       Pons

b.      Medulla oblongata

c.       Midbrain

d.      Thalamus

51. This part of the brain is involved in the swallowing reflex:
    1. Mamillary body
    2. Thalamus
    3. Cerebrum
    4. Cerebellar peduncle

Matching – match the cranial nerve to the function

52. Controls Lateral rectus muscle of the eye
53. Controls swallowing motion and sensory function for tongue and throat
54. Involved in our sense of hearing
55. Controls muscles of the face
56. Autonomic control of visceral organs

a.       Facial

b.      Vagus

c.       Vestibulocochlear

d.      Abducens

e.       Glossopharyngeal

General & Special Senses

57. Which of the following is not monitored by a special sense?

a.       Temperature

b.      Vision

c.       Olfactory

d.      Gustatory

58. Which of the following types of receptors respond to tissue damage?

a.       Thermoreceptors

b.      Chemoreceptors

c.       Mechanoreceptors

d.      Nociceptors

59.  This type of stretch receptor that detects pressure changes in the lungs and major arteries.

a.       Meissner’s corpuscle

b.      Baroceptor

c.       Nociceptor

d.      Free nerve endings

60.  For your sense of smell, hair cells extend from the dendrite of these cells into the superior nasal cavities.

a.       Basal cells

b.      Cells of the Olfactory bulb

c.       Olfactory receptors

d.      Cells of Olfactory gland

61.  Taste buds are found within the crevices of these types of epithelial papillae.

a.       Filiform

b.      Circumvallate

c.       Fungiform

d.      All of the above

62.  The type of receptors found in our tongue responsible for our sense of taste.

a.       Nociceptors

b.      Mechanoreceptors

c.       Thermoreceptors

d.      Chemoreceptors

Matching – match the structure to that part of the ear most appropriate

63.  Incus

64.  Cochlea

65.  External acoustic meatus

a.       Inner Ear

b.      Middle Ear

c.       External Ear

66.  The bony labyrinth is filled with this fluid.

a.       Endolymph

b.      Perilymph

67.  The stapes is attached to this part of the internal ear.

a.       Ampulla

b.      Round window

c.       Oval window

d.      Organ of corti

68.  Hair cells devoted to hearing are located in this duct.

a.       Cochlear duct

b.      Tympanic duct

c.       Vestibular duct

d.      Daffy Duct

69.  This structure pulls on the Malleus to keep tension on the tympanic membrane.

a.       Stapedius muscle

b.      Tensor tympani

c.       Annular ligament

d.      None of the above

70.  The structure found in the semicircular canals that are responsible for dynamic equilibrium (not linear acceleration or deceleration).

a.       Maculae

b.      Cristae

c.       Otoliths

d.      Statoconia

71.  The bony center of the cochlea is called the               .

a.       Helicotrema

b.      Vestibular canal

c.       Tympanic channel

d.      Modiolus

72.  Made of connective tissue this structure gives support and structure to our eyelid.

a.       Tarsal plate

b.      Conjuctiva

c.       Eyelashes

d.      Sebaceous glands

73.  This part of the lacrimal apparatus drains tears into the nasal cavity.

a.       Excretory lacrimal ducts

b.      Lacrimal caruncle

c.       Nasolacrimal canal

d.      Both a and b

74.  This associate structure of the eye is a mucus membrane.

a.       Tarsal plate

b.      Lacrimal caruncle

c.       Palpebrae

d.      Conjuctiva

75.  Which of the following drains aqueous humor from the eye?

a.       Canal of Schlemm

b.      Pupil

c.       Lacrimal canals

d.      Ciliary body

76.  Only detects gray scale, is sensitive to dim light.

a.       Rods

b.      Cones

77.  A defining feature of the central fovea.

a.       No rods

b.      No cones

c.       No ganglia cell bodies

d.      Both A and C

78.  The neural tissue layer of the eye.

a.       Sclera

b.      Uvea

c.       Retina

d.      Cornea

79.  The aqueous humor is found in the                              of the eye:

a.       Anterior cavity

b.      Anterior chamber

c.       Posterior chamber

d.      Posterior cavity

e.       All but d

80.  Controls tensions and thus curvature and focusing of the lens:

a.       Ciliary body

b.      Retina

c.       Suspensory ligaments

d.      Pupil

e.       Both a and c

Autonomic System

81. Control of visceral organs by the sympathetic system:

a.       Is tied to the chain ganglia

b.      Is associated with the collateral ganglia

c.       Either a or b

d.      Does not occur

Matching – next to each characteristic match the appropriate autonomical division

82. Relatively short pre-ganglionic neurons lead to the                             chain ganglia
83. Post-ganglionic neurons secrete acetylcholine
84. Contains both pre and post ganglionic neurons
85. Also known as the Craniolumbar system
86. Controlled by the hypothalamus
87. Contains single motor neurons leading to an endocrine gland
88. Also known as the thoracolumbar system

a.       Sympathetic

b.      Parasympathetic

c.       Both a and b

d.      None of the above

89. Sacral pathways control:

a.       Swallowing reflex

b.      Constriction of pupils

c.       Heart rate

d.      Urination

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