Introduction

1. The study of tissues:
   1. Histology
   2. Cytology
   3. Microscopic anatomy
   4. Physiology
2. If we were studying anatomy and looking at the arm, then the leg, then the head.  This way of studying anatomy would be called:
   1. Systemic anatomy
   2. Regional anatomy
   3. Microscopic anatomy
   4. Surface anatomy
3. The study of anatomy that focuses on the use of non-invasive imaging techniques.  An example would be using x-ray photography:
   1. Comparative anatomy
   2. Medical anatomy
   3. Surgical anatomy
   4. Radiographic anatomy
4. Which of the following is not one of the four most abundant elements in the human body?
   1. Iron
   2. Carbon
   3. Hydrogen
   4. Oxygen
5. The most complex level of living organization listed here:
   1. Organ system
   2. Molecule
   3. Organelle
   4. Organ
6. The building of larger molecules by the formation of chemical bonds occurs during                         reactions.
   1. Anabolic
   2. Catabolic
   3. Both a and b
   4. None of the above
7. When lying down with spine touching the ground and face looking at the sky:
   1. Supine position
   2. Anatomical position
   3. Prone position
   4. All of the above

Matching – match the organ system with its function(s)

8. Endocrine system                    A. Elimination of excess water
9. Lymphatic system                   B. Delivery of air to sites where gas exchange can occur
10. Urinary system                        C. Long term changes in activities of other organ systems
11. Respiratory system                  D. Defense against infection and disease

12. In the picture to the right region “5” corresponds to the:
    1. Right Hypochondriac
    2. Left inguinal
    3. Left Lumbar
    4. Right inguinal
13. This section divides the body into upper and lower parts:
    1. Sagittal
    2. Midsagittal
    3. Transverse
    4. Coronal

Matching – match the directions that are opposite to each other

14. Ventral                                                                        A. Cranial
15. Caudal                                                                         B. Distal
16. Proximal                                                                      C. Medial
17. Lateral                                                                         D. Posterior

Matching – match the region to its common place name

18. Back of knee                                                               A. Crus
19. Leg                                                                              B. Pollex
20. Thumb                                                                         C. Manus
21. Head                                                                           D. Popliteal
22. Hand                                                                           E. Cephalon

Cells

23. The cell theory stipulates that cells:
    1. Come from pre-existing cells
    2. Have little organs
    3. Produce DNA
    4. Are the equivalent of viruses
24. Somatic cells are:
    1. Cells that don’t reproduce
    2. Sex cells
    3. Sperm
    4. Cells of the body
25. Our knowledge of the detailed internal and external structure of cells comes from;
    1. Scanning electron microscope
    2. Transmission electron microscope
    3. Light microscope
    4. Both a and b
26. The regulation of materials moving into and out of the cell is mostly regulated by the                      of the plasma membrane.
    1. Carbohydrates
    2. Phospholipids
    3. Cholesterol
    4. Proteins

27. The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration, with the aid of proteins, is called:
    1. Diffusion
    2. Facilitated diffusion
    3. Osmosis
    4. Aqueous transport
28. The process by which proteins specifically bind to large ligands, accumulate together on the cell surface and are subsequent brought into the cell:
    1. Diffusion
    2. Ion transport
    3. Receptor mediated endocytosis
    4. Osmosis
29. Means “Cellular drinking”
    1. Osmosis
    2. Pinocytosis
    3. Diffusion
    4. Phagocytosis
30. The fluid of the cell is called                                       and is                           charged.
    1. Cytoplasm, not
    2. Cytoplasm, positively
    3. Cytosol, negatively
    4. Cytosol, positively
31. Responsible for forming pseudopodia, changing the shape of the cell, has a role in muscle contraction and is the thinnest of the cytoskeleton structures:
    1. Thick filaments
    2. Microfilaments
    3. Intermediate filaments
    4. Microtubules
32. This non-membranous organelle is believed to be the center of microtubule formation in animal cells and plays and important role in cell division:
    1. Flagella
    2. Cilia
    3. Centrioles
    4. Nucleus
33. These cellular connections allow epithelial cell to form fluid barriers that allow little to no leakage.
    1. Hemidesmosomes
    2. Desmisomes
    3. Tight junctions
    4. Gap junctions
34. Beads of histones with DNA strand wrapped around are most accurately called:
    1. Chromosomes
    2. Chromatin
    3. Nucleosomes
    4. Nucleoplasm
35. The perinuclear space is found:
    1. Just outside the nucleolus
    2. Between the two membranes of the nuclear envelope
    3. Just outside the nuclear envelope
    4. Just inside the nuclear envelope

Matching – Match the organelle to its function

36. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum                                   A. Digestive sack of the cell
37. Lysosome                                                                    B. Protein synthesis
38. Golgi apparatus                                                           C. Energy synthesis in the cell
39. Ribosomes                                                                   D. Distribution center of the cell
40. Mitochondria                                                              E. Lipid synthesis and detoxification

Matching – Match the description to the stage of mitosis

41. Microtubules line up chromosome along a narrow central zone      A. Prophase
42. Chromosomes unwind and nucleoli reappear                                  B. Metaphase
43. Chromatid pairs separate                                                                 C. Anaphase
44. Chromosomes condense and nuclear envelope disappears              D. Telophase

Tissues

45. Which of the following is a subcategory of one of the other three tissue types?  In other words, a specific example of one of the other three.
    1. Muscle
    2. Simple squamous
    3. Epithelial
    4. Connective
46. Which of the following is not true of connective tissues?
    1. Contains blood vessels
    2. Can contain many fibers
    3. Is comprised solely of cells with little to no intercellular spaces
    4. Contains significant quantities of ground substance
47. Several layers of cells that are cube shaped near the basal zone and flat near the apical region (near the lumen or surface) would be called:
    1. Simple squamous
    2. Stratified columnar
    3. Simple cuboidal
    4. Stratified squamous
48. Serous membranes are lined by                                    tissue.
    1. Muscle
    2. Epithelial
    3. Connective
    4. Nervous
49. The type of secretion in which material is released by exocytosis and no part of the cell is damaged or needs repairing:
    1. Apocrine
    2. Holocrine
    3. Merocrine
    4. All of the above
50. The strongest and most common fiber in the human body.
    1. Adipose
    2. Collagen
    3. Elastic
    4. Reticular

Matching – match the tissue to its function or example

51. Protection from abrasion and pathogens as in skin                 A. Stratified transitional
52. Specializes in absorption as in the digestive tract                   B. Pseudostratified ciliated columnar
53. Specializes in secretion and moving of mucous                      C. Non-ciliated simple columnar
54. Specializes in stretching and storage                                      D. Stratified squamous

Matching – match the tissue to its function or example

55. Storage of energy                                                                    A. Dense regular connective
56. Strength in one direction, found in tendons                           B. Areolar
57. Strength in many directions, holds one organ to another       C. Blood

                                                                                                      D. Adipose

58. This cartilage is often referred to as smooth and is found on the end of adjacent bones that articulate with each other:
    1. Reticular
    2. Elastic
    3. Fibrous
    4. Hyaline
59. These glands are organized into multiple clumps and have flask like endings to each duct:
    1. Simple tubular
    2. Simple coiled tubular
    3. Compound tubular
    4. Compound alveolar (acinar)

Skin

60. The skin helps to regulate body temperature mostly
    1. Secretions of exocrine glands
    2. By use of arrector pili muscles
    3. Control of blood flow to the surface
    4. Both a and c
61. Keratin’s function in skin is:
    1. To detect sensation
    2. Physical protection
    3. To make new skin cells
    4. To make new pigment for skin
62. This layer contains abundant adipose tissue:
    1. Epidermis
    2. Subcutaneous
    3. Dermis
    4. None of the above
63. The most abundant cells of the epidermis:
    1. Merkel cells
    2. Langerhans
    3. Melanocytes
    4. Keratinocytes

Matching – match the epidermal layer with its characteristic

64. “Glassy” layer found in only thick skin                               A. Stratum germinativum
65. Attached to basal lamina, with epidermal stem cells           B. Stratum granulosum
66. Some cell division, Langerhans cells present                       C. Stratum corneum
67. Cell organelles are disintegrating, membranes thicken        D. Stratum lucidum
68. All dead cell, top layer                                                         E. Stratum spinosum

69. The blood supply of skin found just under the dermis
    1. Cutaneous plexus
    2. Papillary plexus
    3. Hair root plexus
    4. None of the above
70. The type of fine hair typically found all over our bodies, not on the top of our heads:
    1. Vellus
    2. Terminal
    3. Intermediate
    4. None of the above
71. White hair is typically the result of:
    1. Sudden fright
    2. Lack of melanin
    3. Air bubbles in the medulla of hair
    4. Both b and c
72. Glands that produce oils for the hair:
    1. Sebaceous
    2. Eccrine
    3. Apocrine
    4. Merocrine
73. Modified versions of this gland serve as mammary glands and help produce ear wax.  They are heavily influenced by hormone secretions.
    1. Eccrine
    2. Merocrine
    3. Apocrine
    4. Sebaceous
74. An associated structure of hair that is responsible for causing our hair to stand up when we are cold or frightened, think goosebumps:
    1. Sebaceous gland
    2. Arrector pili
    3. Hair root plexus
    4. Hair papilla
75. Without this structure you would not have a “cuticle” over your nail.
    1. Lateral fold
    2. Epinychium
    3. Hyponichium
    4. Mesonichium

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