Anatomy Exam V                                                          

Respiratory System

1. Which of the following is not part of the lower respiratory system?
   1. Pharynx
   2. Larynx
   3. Trachea
   4. Bronchi
2. The canal like spaces underneath the nasal conchae are called:
   1. Internal nares
   2. Meatus
   3. External nares
   4. Vestibule
3. The pharyngeal tonsils are located in this space.
   1. Nasopharynx
   2. Oropharynx
   3. Laryngopharynx
   4. Hypopharynx
4. Openings for the paranasal sinuses are located in this structure.
   1. Larynx
   2. Nasopharynx
   3. Alveoli
   4. Nasal cavity
5. Air first passes through into the pharynx through the.
   1. Internal nares
   2. Meatus
   3. External nares
   4. Vestibule
6. The vocal cords are located in which of the following structures?
   1. Pharynx
   2. Nasal cavity
   3. Larynx
   4. Trachea
7. The largest cartilage of the larynx.
   1. Cricoid
   2. Thyroid
   3. Corniculate
   4. Cuneiform
8. These folds are sometime called “false vocal cords” because the produce no sound.
   1. Glottis
   2. Vestibular folds
   3. Rima glottides
   4. Laryngeal sinus
9. The epithelium of the respiratory system contain                                bearing cells that move mucus out of the lower respiratory system.
   1. Cilia
   2. Microvilli
   3. Hair
   4. Capillary

10. A very sensitive area found at the bottom of the trachea, it can initiate a strong cough reflex.
    1. Rima glottides
    2. Ventricular fold
    3. Carina
    4. Uvula
11. Each segment of the lung has its own:
    1. Primary bronchi
    2. Tertiary bronchi
    3. Secondary bronchi
    4. Bronchiole
12. Bronchioles differ from bronchi because they have no                                  .
    1. Smooth muscle
    2. Mucus
    3. Cartilage
    4. Bone
13. How many lobes are in the right lung?
    1. 1
    2. 2
    3. 3
    4. 4
14. The left lung is                                                             than the right lung.
    1. Longer
    2. Shorter
    3. Wider
    4. More complex
15. The cartilages of the larynx are attached to one another by
    1. Ligaments
    2. Tendons
    3. Bone
    4. Nerves
16. Surfactant is produced by these cells of the alveoli.
    1. Alveolar macrophages
    2. Septal cells
    3. Squamous epithelial cells
    4. Dust cells
17. The opening between the vocal folds.
    1. Glottis
    2. Meatus
    3. Conchae
    4. Laryngeal sinus
18. Which of the following is not part of the respiratory membrane?
    1. Alveolar cells
    2. Fused basal lamina
    3. Endothelial cells
    4. Surfactant

19. Tracheal cartilage is completely absent in the                          of the trachea to aid in the esophagus in functioning unimpeded.
    1. Front
    2. Back
    3. Left side
    4. Right side
20. The bronchial just before the alveolar duct is called the                                  bronchiole
    1. Terminal
    2. Respiratory
    3. Alveolar
    4. Lobular
21. Gas exchange in the lungs occurs specifically at this structure.
    1. Terminal bronchiole
    2. Respiratory Bronchiole
    3. Bronchus
    4. Alveoli

Digestive System

22. The actual chemical breakdown of food to produce absorbable nutrients is called
    1. Digestion
    2. Excretion
    3. Secretion
    4. Compaction
23. The outermost layer of the GI tract.
    1. Submucosa
    2. Muscularis
    3. Mucosae
    4. Serosa
24. The Myenteric plexus which controls the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract is locate in which layer of the intestinal wall?
    1. Serous
    2. Mucosa
    3. Submucosa
    4. Muscularis
25. An extension of the peritoneum that attaches the large intestine to the abdominal wall.
    1. Mesentery
    2. Mesocolon
    3. Falciform ligament
    4. Lesser omentum
26. Which of the following is retroperitoneal?
    1. Duodenum
    2. Large Intestine
    3. Stomach
    4. Liver
27. Structure that attaches the lip to the gums.
    1. Vestibule
    2. Lingual frenulum
    3. Uvula
    4. Labial frenulum
28. The muscles that are primarily responsible for peristalsis.
    1. Muscularis mucosae
    2. Muscularis externa
    3. Abdominal muscles
    4. Skeletal muscle
29. The salivary glands have ducts that open beneath the tongue.
    1. Sublingual
    2. Submandibular
    3. Parotid
    4. Both A and B
30. The teeth primarily used in cutting.
    1. Incisors
    2. Premolars
    3. Cuspids
    4. Molars
31. This substance makes up most of the hardest organic material in the human body.
    1. Enamel
    2. Cementum
    3. Dentin
    4. Pulp
32. The opening to the oropharynx from the oral cavity
    1. Cricopharyngeus
    2. Fauces
    3. Pyloric
    4. Sphincter of Garfield
33. Cells of the stomach that produce pepsinogen – an enzyme that digests protein.
    1. Chief cells
    2. Parietal cells
    3. Mucous neck cells
    4. Enteroendocrine cells
34. Bile is produced in the                                                 and stored in the                    .
    1. Pancreas, liver
    2. Liver, gall bladder
    3. Duodenum, jejunum
    4. Cecum, Esophagus
35. The longest part of the small intestine.
    1. Jejunum
    2. Duodenum
    3. Ileum
    4. Villi
36. Extensions of the cell membrane of endothelial cells in the small intestine capable of enzymatic digestion and absorption.
    1. Villi
    2. Plicae circularis
    3. Microvilli
    4. A and B

37. The esophagus is held in place in the mediastinum by this layer of connective tissue:
    1. Adventitia
    2. Serosa
    3. Cartilage
    4. Lamina propria
38. Longitudinal strands of the muscularis are organized into a single band that runs down the middle of the large intestine and are called.
    1. Taenia coli
    2. Epiploic appendages
    3. Haustra
    4. B and C
39. Fecal matter moves from the transverse colon to the descending colon through the:
    1. Ileocecal valve
    2. Hepatic flexure
    3. Splenic flexure
    4. Sigmoid colon
40. The first part of the large intestine attached to the small intestine.
    1. Sigmoid colon
    2. Rectum
    3. Cecum
    4. Ascending colon

The Heart

41. Blood arrives at the right atrium through the                          and                             .
    1. Pulmonary veins, pulmonary arteries
    2. Aorta, pulmonary trunk
    3. Inferior vena cava, superior vena cava
    4. Left coronary artery, right coronary artery
42. The blood in the right atrium is different then the blood in the left atrium because it has:
    1. More oxygen
    2. Less oxygen
    3. More water
    4. Less water
43. The left ventricle pumps blood into this structure.
    1. Pulmonary trunk
    2. Left atrium
    3. Right ventricle
    4. Aorta
44. The left ventricle differs from the right ventricle in that;
    1. It has more pectinate muscle
    2. Has a thicker muscular wall
    3. Doesn’t have a connecting semilunar valve
    4. Lack Papillary muscle
45. Which layer of the heart is continuous with the endothelium of the blood vessels?
    1. Endocardium
    2. Pericardium
    3. Epicardium
    4. Myocardium

46. Which of the following valve prevents back flow into the left atrium?
    1. Pulmonary semilunar valve
    2. Aortic semilunar valve
    3. Mitral valve
    4. Tricuspid valve
47. This valve prevents back flow into the right ventricle.
    1. Pulmonary semilunar valve
    2. Aortic semilunar valve
    3. Mitral valve
    4. Tricuspid valve
48. The outer most layer surrounding the heart that is still physically attached to the surface of the heart.
    1. Epicardium
    2. Myocardium
    3. Endocardium
    4. Dense fibrous pericardium
49. Which of the layers of the heart contains gap junctions and intercalated discs?
    1. Epicardium
    2. Myocardium
    3. Endocardium
    4. Pericardium
50. This structure sets the rhythm for the rest of the heart and is often referred to as the pacemaker of the heart.
    1. Atrioventricular node
    2. Conduction myofibrils
    3. Sinoatrial node
    4. Atrioventricular bundles
51. The repolarization of the atria is represented by this part of the cardiogram.
    1. QRS wave
    2. P wave
    3. T wave
    4. None of the above – it’s hidden by the depolarization of the ventricles
52. The depolarization of the ventricles is represented by this part of the electrocardiogram.
    1. QRS wave
    2. P wave
    3. T wave
    4. None of the above
53. The fossa ovalis is the remains of a fetal circulation opening between the                             and the           .
    1. Right ventricle, right atrium
    2. Right atrium, left ventricle
    3. Right ventricle, left ventricle
    4. Right atrium, left atrium
54. The first branches of the aorta are the                                     and the                                   .
    1. Left coronary artery, right coronary artery
    2. Left common carotid, right common carotid
    3. Brachiocephalic trunk, left subclavain artery
    4. Pulmonary veins, pulmonary arteries

55. The atrioventricular valves are structurally supported by the                          and                             .
    1. Cordae tendineae, papillary muscle
    2. Pectinate muscles, Trabeculae carnae
    3. Coronary sinus, Auricles
    4. Sinoatrial node, Atrioventricular node
56. The great cardiac vein is found in the:
    1. Coronary sulcus
    2. Posterior interventricular sulcus
    3. Anterior interventricular sulcus
    4. Both A and C
57. All of the chambers of the heart are relaxed during this period.
    1. Ventricle systole
    2. Atrial systole
    3. Diastole
    4. Both A and B

Vascular System

58. The layer of the arteries that contain the most smooth muscle.
    1. Tunica media
    2. Tunica interna
    3. Tunica externa
    4. Internal elastic lamina
59. Which arteries are the largest build to accommodate the first inflow of blood from the heart?
    1. Muscular
    2. Elastic
    3. Arterioles
60. These vessels deliver blood to the capillaries.
    1. Venules
    2. Arterioles
    3. Sinuses
    4. Veins
61. Precapillary sphincters are found in these vessels.
    1. True capillaries
    2. Collateral arteries
    3. Areterioles
    4. Venules
62. These are the type of capillaries that have pores in their endothelium and can be found in kidneys.
    1. Sinusoid capillaries
    2. Continuous capillaries
    3. Fenestrated capillaries
    4. Metarterioles
63. Collateral arteries.
    1. Supply blood to different areas of the body
    2. Are defined by their structural tendency to run parallel to each other
    3. Supply blood to the same region of the body connecting at an anastamosis
    4. Are more like veins then arteries

64. At any one time most of the blood in the body is found in the:
    1. Lungs – pulmonary circulation
    2. Heart
    3. Veins of the systemic circuit
    4. Arteries of the systemic circuit
65. This structure is found in veins but not in arteries.
    1. Tunica externa
    2. Valves
    3. Tunica media
    4. Endothelium

Matching – match the artery to the tissue supplied.

66. Inferior mesenteric                                                                  A. Foot
67. Superior phrenic                                                                      B. Brain
68. Internal carotid                                                                       C. Armpit
69. Axillary                                                                                   D. Diaphragm

                                                                                                            E. Sigmoid colon

Matching – match the artery to the tissue supplied.

70. Left gastric                                                                              A. Knee
71. Superior mesenteric                                                                 B. Gluteal and pelvic region
72. Internal iliac                                                                            C. Coccyx
73. Popliteal                                                                                  D. Duodenum

                                                                                                            E. Stomach

Matching – match the vein to the tissue drained.

74. Cephalic                                                                                  A.  Neck
75. Hepatic veins                                                                          B. Arm
76. Vertebral veins                                                                        C.  Liver
77. Azygos                                                                                    D.  Lumbar region

                                                                                                            E. Head

Matching – match the vein to the tissue drained.

78. Splenic                                                                                    A. Femoral
79. Superior sagittal sinus                                                             B. Foot
80. Deep femoral                                                                          C. Spleen
81. Dorsal venous arch                                                                  D. Leg

                                                                                                            E. Brain

Lymphatic System

82. The thoracic duct of the lymphatic system drains the.
    1. Right upper half of the body
    2. Lower portion of the body
    3. Left upper half of the body
    4. Both B and C
83. Which of the following is a primary organ of the lymphatic system?
    1. Lymph nodes
    2. Spleen
    3. Thymus gland
    4. Lymphatic nodules
84. This is the part of the spleen where worn out red blood cells are salvage through phagocytosis.
    1. Red pulp
    2. White pulp
    3. Capsule
    4. Trabeculae
85. Lymph enters the lymph node through these vessels.
    1. Afferent
    2. Efferent
    3. Lymphatic ducts
    4. Arterioles
86. Areas of lymphocyte aggregation and multiplication.
    1. Germinal centers
    2. Medullary cords
    3. Trabeculae
    4. Sinuses
87. Dendritic cells.
    1. Form the capsule of the lymph node
    2. Open up the sinuses of the lymph node
    3. Produce lymphocytes
    4. Are specialized in presenting foreign antigens and activating lymphocytes
88. At which age is the thymus likely to be at its largest size.
    1. 1 month old
    2. 10 years old
    3. 20 years old
    4. 60 years old
89. Which of the following is a true organ?
    1. Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT)
    2. Lingual tonsils
    3. Peyer’s patches
    4. None of the above
90. The largest lymphatic organ
    1. Thymus
    2. Spleen
    3. Lingual tonsil
    4. Liver

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