1. Know the four stages of embryo development beginning with the globular phase and ending with the fully developed embryo.
2. Know the parts labeled on figure 20-1.
3. Be able to identify and know the function of the micropyle and hilum on a bean seed. (dicot)
4. Identify the structures in figure 20-2. (monocot)
5. Understand the difference between primary and lateral roots.
1. Know the three major tissue systems and the tissues to which they give rise.
2. Identify the tissue systems and tissues on figure 21-1.
3. Be able to identify tissues and cell types on prepared slides of stems. (i.e., epidermis, cortex, vascular bundle, pith, xylem, phloem, vascular cambium, schlerenchyma, fibers).
4. Identify and know the function of cuticle and guard cells.
1. Know the difference between tap root systems and diffuse root systems.
2. Identify these structures on a model of a root and a prepared slide.
4. Be able to distinguish between dicot roots and monocot roots in terms of how the vascular bundles or cylinder is arranged.
5. Know where these structures are located and what they do in a root: epidermis, cortex, endodermis (with Casperian strip), pericycle, xylem, and phloem.
6. Identify structures a, c, e, f, and g on figure 22-2 and a, b, c, d, e, and h on fig. 22-3.
1. Be able to identify the structures on figure 25-1.
2. Know the difference between nodes and internodes.
3. Identify the structures on figure 25-2 and 25-3 to compare dicot and monocot stems, especially in the area of the vascular bundles.
4. Be able to identify stem modifications if given an example. An example of this would be the following: What is the stem modification of a potato called? What is the function of this modification?
1. Know the parts of a leaf (blade, petiole, mid vein, lateral veins).
2. Be able to identify patterns of leaf form and venation as seen in figure 26-1. Don't forget bipinnately compound as demonstrated in lab.
3. Know the structural differences between a mesomorphic, xeromorphic, and hydromorphic leaf. Know some specific structural differences such as stomatal crypts in xeromorphic leaves. You want to be able to compare these tissues when determining the type of leaf: epidermis and cuticle layer, arrangement of mesophyll and bundle sheath cells, types of stomata arrangement.
4. Know these specialization in leaves: spines, tendrils, insectivorous traps.
1. Be able to identify the external features of woody stems as seen in figure 25-1.
2. Know the changes that occur from primary to secondary growth. You should be able to understand the function and location of the vascular cambium and xylem/phloem on either side, the cork cambium and the tissues produced by this layer, and the phelloderm to bark.
3. Identify the structures in figure 25-2 and 25-3.
1. Know the different surfaces of a section of stem.
2. In ring-porous wood, know the components of an annual ring: early wood and late wood and in what season each is produced. Be able to approximately age a stem.
3. Identify resin ducts and bordered pits in the different sections of wood.
4. Be able to distinguish between gymnosperm and angiosperm wood.
5. Know the structures in figure 26-2 and 26-3.
6. Know the cells found in would such as: vessel members, tracheids, fibers, parenchyma.