C. Estrella
Biology 4
Chapter 9 Learning Objective
1.
Understand the energy
flow through the biosphere.
2.
Describe the overall
summary equation fro cellular respiration.
3.
Distinguish between
subrate-level phophorylation and oxidative phosphorylation.
4.
Explain how exergonic
oxidation of glucose is coupled t endergonic synthesis of ATP.
5.
Define oxidation and
reduction.
6.
Explain how redox
reactions are involved in energy exchanges.
7.
Describe the role of ATP
in coupled reactions.
8.
Describe how the carbon
skeleton of glucose changes as it proceeds through glycolysis.
9.
Define coenzyme
(electron carriers) and understand the ones used in respiration (NAD+, FAD+).
10. Describe how coenzymes function in redox reactions.
11. Identify where in glycolysis that sugar oxidation,
substrate-level phosphorylation and reductio of coenzymes occur.
12. Write a summary equation for glycolysis and describe
where it occurs in the cell.
13. Describe where pyruvate is oxidized to acetyl CoA,
what molecules are produced and how it links glycolysis to the Krebs cycle.
14. Explain at what point during cellular respiration
glucose is completely oxidized.
15. Explain how the exergonic “slide” of
electrons down the electron transport chain is coupled to the endergonic
production of ATP by chemiosmosis.
16. Describe the process of chemiosmosis.
17. Explain how membrane structure is related to membrane
function in chemiosmosis.
18. Summarize the net ATP yield from the oxidation of a
glucose molecule by constructing an ATP ledger which includes coenzyme
production during the different stages of glycolysis and cellular respiration.
19. Describe the fate of pyruvate in the absence of
oxygen.
20. Explain why fermentation is necessary.